In this book we study the cohomology of coherent sheaves on schemes. An excellent textbook on this topic is [Hartshorne]. But in Hartshorne's book, many important theorems which hold for proper morphisms are proved only for projective morphisms. Moreover, Hartshorne does not say much about the technique of spectral sequences. The main purpose of this book is to fulfil this need. Of course, everything in this book is contained in Grothendieck's [EGA] (see Bibiography [4]). I hope this book can make the wonderful ideas of Grothendieck which are hidden in the voluminous [EGA] more clear. To make the book self-contained, I include many materials which are treated nicely in [Hartshorne]. So there are some overlaps with [Hartshorne] in this book, especially in sections 1.2 and 1.4.
This book roughly covers the main materials in [EGA] I, II and III. A few years ago, I was invited to give a series of talks on l-adic cohomology theory at the Morningside Center of Mathematics (MCM) at the Chinese Academy of Science. To prepare the talk, I wrote a book (unpublished) on ¡§|tale cohomology theory which covered the main materials in [SGA] (see Bibiography [5]) 1, 4, 4 , 5, and 7. The current book together with [Matsumura] covers all the prerequisites for reading my manuscripts. So I think it should provide adequate preparation for learning ¡§|tale cohomology theory.
I only assume the reader is familiar with Chapter 1-8 of [Atiyah-Macdonald]. All other results on algebra used in this book are either proved in this book, or can be proved by the reader without much difficulty. The reason why I include materials on algebra is my belief that the best way to learn algebra is to learn it simultaneously with geometry so that one can get geometric intuition of abstract algebraic concepts.
This book is by no means a complete treatise on algebraic geometry. Nothing is said on how to apply the results obtained by cohomological method in this book to study the geometry of algebraic varieties. Serre duality is also omitted. The reader should consult [Hartshorne] and references there for these topics.
I thank heartily Prof. Keqin Feng. Ever since he knew my existence, he has never stopped encouraging me. He invited me to MCM to lecture on l-adic cohomology theory and other topics on algebraic geometry. Part of this book is based on some of my lecture notes. Prof. Feng also makes it possible to publish this book. Without his help, this book will never come into existence.
During the preparation of this book, I was supported by the Qiu Shi Science & Technologies Foundation, by Project 973, by IHES, and by MCM.